---
title: "braden_scale"
description: "The Braden scale is a tool used to assess the risk of pressure ulcer development in adults and children over the age of five years."
---

The Braden scale is a tool used to assess the risk of pressure ulcer development in adults and children over the age of five years.

**Purpose.** To record information about factors used to assess the risk of pressure ulcer development, and the total Braden Scale score.

## Source

| Model | Leg | Role |
|---|---|---|
| `openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.braden_scale.v1` | openEHR | defines this table |

## Columns

| Column | Type | Null | Description | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| `id` | `uuid primary key` | no | Primary key. | — |
| `form_id` | `uuid` → [`form`](/docs/tables/form) | no | The form this entry was recorded on. | — |
| `form_block_id` | `uuid` | yes | The block within the form, when the entry is bound to one. | — |
| `sensory_perception`<br />`sensory_perception_code`<br />`sensory_perception_system`<br />`sensory_perception_numeric`<br />`sensory_perception_valueset_id` | coded text<br />`text`, `text`, `text`, `numeric`, `text` | yes | Sensory perception | `/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[at0004]` |
| `moisture`<br />`moisture_code`<br />`moisture_system`<br />`moisture_numeric`<br />`moisture_valueset_id` | coded text<br />`text`, `text`, `text`, `numeric`, `text` | yes | Moisture | `/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[at0009]` |
| `activity`<br />`activity_code`<br />`activity_system`<br />`activity_numeric`<br />`activity_valueset_id` | coded text<br />`text`, `text`, `text`, `numeric`, `text` | yes | Activity | `/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[at0010]` |
| `mobility`<br />`mobility_code`<br />`mobility_system`<br />`mobility_numeric`<br />`mobility_valueset_id` | coded text<br />`text`, `text`, `text`, `numeric`, `text` | yes | Mobility | `/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[at0019]` |
| `nutrition`<br />`nutrition_code`<br />`nutrition_system`<br />`nutrition_numeric`<br />`nutrition_valueset_id` | coded text<br />`text`, `text`, `text`, `numeric`, `text` | yes | Nutrition | `/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[at0020]` |
| `friction_and_shear`<br />`friction_and_shear_code`<br />`friction_and_shear_system`<br />`friction_and_shear_numeric`<br />`friction_and_shear_valueset_id` | coded text<br />`text`, `text`, `text`, `numeric`, `text` | yes | Friction and shear | `/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[at0021]` |
| `comment` | `text` | yes | Comment | `/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[at0034]` |
| `total_score` | `integer` | yes | Total score | `/data[at0001]/events[at0002]/data[at0003]/items[at0022]` |

## Constraints

```sql
check ((sensory_perception_code is null and sensory_perception_system is null and sensory_perception_numeric is null and sensory_perception is null) or (sensory_perception_valueset_id is not null and sensory_perception_code is not null and sensory_perception_system is not null and sensory_perception_numeric is not null and sensory_perception is not null))
check ((moisture_code is null and moisture_system is null and moisture_numeric is null and moisture is null) or (moisture_valueset_id is not null and moisture_code is not null and moisture_system is not null and moisture_numeric is not null and moisture is not null))
check ((activity_code is null and activity_system is null and activity_numeric is null and activity is null) or (activity_valueset_id is not null and activity_code is not null and activity_system is not null and activity_numeric is not null and activity is not null))
check ((mobility_code is null and mobility_system is null and mobility_numeric is null and mobility is null) or (mobility_valueset_id is not null and mobility_code is not null and mobility_system is not null and mobility_numeric is not null and mobility is not null))
check ((nutrition_code is null and nutrition_system is null and nutrition_numeric is null and nutrition is null) or (nutrition_valueset_id is not null and nutrition_code is not null and nutrition_system is not null and nutrition_numeric is not null and nutrition is not null))
check ((friction_and_shear_code is null and friction_and_shear_system is null and friction_and_shear_numeric is null and friction_and_shear is null) or (friction_and_shear_valueset_id is not null and friction_and_shear_code is not null and friction_and_shear_system is not null and friction_and_shear_numeric is not null and friction_and_shear is not null))
check (total_score is null or total_score between 6 and 23)
```

## Unique

- `form_block_id`

## References

| Columns | Target | On delete |
|---|---|---|
| `form_id` | [`form`](/docs/tables/form) | cascade |
| `form_id, form_block_id` | [`form_block`](/docs/tables/form_block) | cascade |
| `sensory_perception_valueset_id, sensory_perception_code, sensory_perception_system, sensory_perception, sensory_perception_numeric` | [`valueset_code`](/docs/tables/valueset_code) | restrict |
| `moisture_valueset_id, moisture_code, moisture_system, moisture, moisture_numeric` | [`valueset_code`](/docs/tables/valueset_code) | restrict |
| `activity_valueset_id, activity_code, activity_system, activity, activity_numeric` | [`valueset_code`](/docs/tables/valueset_code) | restrict |
| `mobility_valueset_id, mobility_code, mobility_system, mobility, mobility_numeric` | [`valueset_code`](/docs/tables/valueset_code) | restrict |
| `nutrition_valueset_id, nutrition_code, nutrition_system, nutrition, nutrition_numeric` | [`valueset_code`](/docs/tables/valueset_code) | restrict |
| `friction_and_shear_valueset_id, friction_and_shear_code, friction_and_shear_system, friction_and_shear, friction_and_shear_numeric` | [`valueset_code`](/docs/tables/valueset_code) | restrict |

## Indexes

- `braden_scale_form_id_idx` on `form_id`

## Value sets

| Value set | Codes |
|---|---|
| `org.openehr::openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.braden_scale.v1/activity` | 4 |
| `org.openehr::openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.braden_scale.v1/friction_and_shear` | 3 |
| `org.openehr::openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.braden_scale.v1/mobility` | 4 |
| `org.openehr::openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.braden_scale.v1/moisture` | 4 |
| `org.openehr::openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.braden_scale.v1/nutrition` | 4 |
| `org.openehr::openEHR-EHR-OBSERVATION.braden_scale.v1/sensory_perception` | 4 |

